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Posted in: Answers for tg,Applications,Class 0,Class 1,Class 2,class 3,Class 4,Class 5,Class 6,comp 1,Question Bank,Questions,Syllabus,Today's G.K,UPSC2011

Class 6 Marathas Under Peshwas

Introduction :

           * The "Peshwa" was an important post created by Shivaji and one among the eight ministers known as "Asta Pradhan"
           * The first Peshwa was "Trimbakji Pingle".
           * And after 5 peshwas came the Seventh Peshwa 'Balaji Vishwanath Rao', who supported Prince Shahu against Tara bai. To check continuity, Click shahu.
           * After Balaji Vishwanath, the Post of Peshwas/ Peshwaship became hereditary.

Balji Vishwanath Rao (1713-1720)

          * He was famously known as "Organiser of the Army".

Baji Rao I (1720-1740)

          * In 1739, Marathas captured Salsetti and Bassein from Portuguese.
          * He frequently defeated the Hyderabad Nawab Nizam-ul-mulk Asaf Shah.

Balaji Baji Rao II (1740-1761)
         * His policy was "Cuttack - Attock".
         * So, during the fifth invasion of Afghan ruler Ahmad shah Abdali, he opposed him. And III Panipat war took place between the Marathas and Afghans in 1761.
        * Marathas force was commanded by Sadasiva Rao.
        * In this bloody battle, The Marathas force was completely crushed.

The Four Anglo Maratha Wars have been discussed in the topic British Expansion in India.

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Structure Of Marathas Army

  
          Power                  Post Designation                 Capital 
                  
                  
             1                             Chatrapathi (King)                     Satara
 

             2                          Peshwa (Prime mnstr)                    Pune


             3                        Ministers who supported 
                                    above (Different Dynasties)


                                                i) Scindia                                  Gwalior
                                               ii) Holkar                                   Indore 
                                              iii) Geakward                              Baroda
                                              iv) Bhonsle                                  Nagpur


Marathas Army was a loose confederacy which led to frequent fight among themselves.    
  

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Posted in: Class 6